Extractor

Appointment

The extractor is used to separate the oil from the granules of oil cake using an organic solvent.

Raw material: vegetable oil or other.

Characteristic

• The modern oil extractor is a cylindrical unit equipped with an internal rotor. The rotor consists of a series of segment cells that are continuously loaded with extractable material.
• The electronic control system consists of a large number of sensors, a programmable controller (PLC) and frequency converters. The control system synchronizes the speed of the extractor's loading screw, the extractor itself and its unloading screw, which allows you to control the entire flow of material and guarantee a constant level of material in the cells and uniform extraction.
• The capacity is 250 tons/day, 500 tons/day and 1000 tons/day.

The principle of operation

Solvent extraction of the oil is carried out in an extractor in which the solid phase of the cake pellet is in contact with the solvent. The cake enters the extractor, is irrigated with a solvent, and the solvent is filtered through the granule layer using a counterflow of the granule and a mixture of oil with a solvent - miscell. As a solvent, an oil fraction is usually used, mainly consisting of a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons (hexane, isohexane, methylcyclohexane), for simplicity referred to as hexane.

Hexane is used for extraction with a minimum boiling point of 65 ℃ and a maximum complete evaporation temperature of 70 ℃. When the mint enters the extractor, the extraction process begins, after which the wet meal (skimmed soy) is discharged into the meal dryer using a ladle. The extraction time takes 90-120 minutes, the extraction temperature is at 50-55 ° C, after the extraction is completed, the meal contains about 1% oil and 40% solvent.

The rotor consists of many cells in which the extracted material is located. The sections are open, both from the bottom and from the top; they are constantly loaded from the conveyor, which is installed on top of the extractor housing. Substances enter cells that are constantly moving at a certain speed, which is coordinated in such a way as to fill the section almost to the top by the time the next cell is sent under the conveyor.

By means of a lattice bottom located under the sections, the substance is retained in the cell. The lattice base is formed on the basis of wedge-shaped rods, that is, the distance between the rods increases towards the bottom. Due to this, particles of substances can freely pass through the grate; clogging of the grate is excluded. The extracted materials are sent to a reservoir impervious to gas, which is a fragment of an extractor with a screw conveyor. Sealing and feeding of substances to the conveyor takes place using this hopper, which is controlled by an electronic system.

The solvent is supplied to the oil extractors by a counterflow. Liquid solvents penetrate through the lattice base into the lower fragment of the extractor, which is divided into several sections, the main purpose of which is to collect the miscell and direct it to the pumps. The sections are needed to separate the micelles of different concentrations, preventing mixing.

The drive of the oil extractor consists of a circuit located around an electric motor and a motor of a controlled converter tempo. The level of torsion velocity is coordinated depending on the amount of materials supplied. The product flow is controlled by an electronic control system that distributes the speed level of the equipment, as well as the unloading and loading conveyor. The units are delivered disassembled, assembly and welding are carried out on site.

The extractor is equipped with automated control, which consists of PLC, frequency converters and sensors. All safety standards and other GOST standards intended for high-risk segments in the manufacture of oil are applied.

The key task of the extractor's protective system is to regulate the speed of the equipment, loading and unloading conveyor, and the distribution of work processes between them. Such a system provides a guarantee:

• The same extraction.
• The constant level of the substance in the cells.
• Permanent sealing.

Advantages

• Constant level of material in the cells regardless of the product feed rate;
• Uniform extraction;
• Permanent sealing;
• The possibility of increasing the productivity of the extractor by adding tiers;
• Integrated automation makes it possible to achieve compliance with all necessary safety standards.